In recent years, Ningxia relies on unique natural resources to develop vigorously starry sky tourism industry, but the starry sky tourism is greatly affected by meteorological conditions. Based on the meteorological observation data at 25 weather stations of Ningxia, reanalysis data from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts and radiance data of satellite from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the composite evaluation model of climate resources suitability of starry sky tourism in Ningxia is established from five aspects, such as cloud cover, light pollution, visibility, seeing and human body comfort degree, and the climate suitability of starry sky tourism in Ningxia is evaluated in different seasons. The results show that the starry sky tourism is suitable or very suitable in most areas of Ningxia all year round, while the suitability in urban area of cities (counties and districts) is relatively lower. The very suitable area to starry sky tourism is the largest in summer, and mostly in the plain area, followed by autumn and winter, and that is the smallest in spring.

Based on the database collected from meteorology observations, transportation system and social economy including 14 evaluation indicators such as gale days with different grades, traffic flow, road density, topographic height, river network density, number of bridge and culvert, bridge and culvert density, vegetation coverage, an expressway gale disaster assessing model was built up to assess the risk of gale disaster along the expressways in Ningxia Province from three aspects including risk of disaster-causing factors, environment sensitivity to gale disaster and vulnerability of gale disaster-bearing body. Then the weight of each influencing indicator was calculated by using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and analytic hierarchy process in order to conduct evaluation of gale disaster risk on expressways in Ningxia. The results indicate that the higher risk areas of gale disaster along expressways in Ningxia Province were mainly located in north section of Shizuishan and south section of Wuzhong, while the risk was lower in the north central and southern part in Ningxia Province. The northern parts of Shizuishan section of G6 (Beijing-Tibet expressway) suffered the high risk of gale disaster, followed by the middle part of Shizuishan section of G6, southern part of Zhongwei plus Wuzhong section of Fuzhou-Yinchuan expressway, while other sections bored medium and low risk of gale disaster. The results of risk assessment were in good agreement with the actual occurrence of gale disasters on expressways.

Based on the observation data of hourly temperature，daily maximum and minimum temperature，daily mean total cloud cover and rainfall from ten stations in Shaanxi Province from 2006 to 2010，a forecast method of hourly temperature was established by using linear regression method on the basis of forecast values of daily maximum and minimum temperature and observed values of hourly temperature，which was tested by comparing forecast values with observed values of hourly temperature at ten stations in Shaanxi Province in 2011． The results show that the forecasting ability of the forecast method of hourly temperature under sunny or lightly cloudy conditions was better than that under heavily cloudy or rainy conditions． The forecasting effect of the method was better between 2 o clock
and 18 o clock than that between 19 o clock and 1 o clock of the next day on sunny or lightly cloudy days，and was better between 1 o clock and 10 o clock than that at other time on heavily cloudy or rainy days． When the forecasted daily maximum and minimum temperature were comparatively accurate，the forecast accuracy of hourly temperature was more than 60% at Xi an station． The accuracy was 100% on sunny days and from 96% to 99% on lightly cloudy days between 14 o clock and 17 o clock． But the accuracy on heavily cloudy or rainy days was about 12% ～ 27% lower than that on sunny or lightly cloudy days between 11 o clock and 17 o clock． With the characteristic of diurnal variations of temperature change in different areas，seasons and sky conditions，the method can turn
the forecasted daily maximum and minimum temperature into forecast of hourly temperature well． To some extent the forecast method of hourly temperature has application and extension values．